Marine life  /  Sharks & rays  /  Reef manta
Reviewed 2026-09-06
Species entry

Reef manta

Mobula alfredi

Identified individually by the pattern on its belly, which does not change over a lifetime.

Size
To 500 cm disc width
Depth
3–25 m
Habitat
Cleaning stations at Ningaloo and on the Great Barrier Reef
Active
Daylight
Range
Indo-Pacific
Rarity
Australia
2 stars of 5, usually seen in a week
SP-01
reef manta · full body · habitat
4:3 · min 2400px

To about 5 m across the disc, black above with two pale shoulder patches and white below with a pattern of dark blotches that is unique to the individual and stable for life — the basis of the photo-identification catalogues that most of what is known about their movements comes from. The oceanic manta Mobula birostris is larger, has a dark band across the mouth and different shoulder markings, and is a rarer visitor inshore.

It feeds on zooplankton, filtering with gill plates while looping through dense patches, and visits cleaning stations on reef tops where wrasses and butterflyfishes work over the gills and belly. A station is the reliable place to see one: the animal circles slowly and returns. Divers who stay low and off to the side of a station are tolerated; divers who swim at the animal end the encounter. In the six destinations covered here it is a Bali and Papua New Guinea animal rather than a muck-site one. Listed as vulnerable. Recorded from the surface to about 40 m.

Where to find:

LocationRarity Best monthsDepthHabitat
Australia Australia editorial estimate
2 stars of 5, usually seen in a week
Year-round
3–25 m
Cleaning stations at Ningaloo and on the Great Barrier Reef
Bali Indonesia editorial estimate
3 stars of 5, a good week should turn one up
Year-round
3–40 m
Cleaning stations and plankton fronts over reef
Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea editorial estimate
4 stars of 5, two or three a season
Year-round
3–40 m
Reef slopes and cleaning stations

Ratings are per location: 1 means found on most dives that look for it, 5 means a handful of records. Where enough dives have been logged the figure is calculated from them; otherwise it is an editorial estimate, and says so. We publish habitat and destination, not the dive site.

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