Marine life  /  Butterflyfish  /  Barberfish
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Species entry

Barberfish

Johnrandallia nigrirostris

A cleaner butterflyfish that works the Cocos hammerhead stations.

Size
To 20 cm
Depth
5–30 m
Habitat
Cleaning stations
Active
Daylight
Range
Eastern Pacific
Rarity
Cocos Island
1 star of 5, found on most dives
SP-01
barberfish · full body · habitat
4:3 · min 2400px

A butterflyfish that works as a cleaner, and the reason the Cocos hammerhead dives are possible in the form they take.

Hammerheads come to fixed points on the seamounts to be cleaned, and barberfish are the species doing most of that work, along with king angelfish. The sharks slow, open their mouths and flare their gills; the barberfish move over the head and gills removing parasites. Without the stations the sharks would have less reason to come within diving depth at all.

Yellow-bodied with a dark snout and a dark bar through the eye. Common on the rocky reef at both destinations, but it is the behaviour at the stations rather than the fish itself that most divers remember.

Watching a station

Stations are used repeatedly and are usually at a specific rock or ridge on the seamount. Divers who settle below and downcurrent of a station, and stay still, see the cleaning continue; movement toward it ends the interaction.

Where to find:

LocationRarity Best monthsDepthHabitat
Cocos Island Costa Rica editorial estimate
1 star of 5, found on most dives
Year-round
5–30 m
Cleaning stations
Galapagos Islands Ecuador editorial estimate
2 stars of 5, usually seen in a week
Year-round
5–30 m
Rocky reef and cleaning stations
Islas Revillagigedo Mexico editorial estimate
2 stars of 5, usually seen in a week
Year-round
3–25 m
Rock and rubble

Ratings are per location: 1 means found on most dives that look for it, 5 means a handful of records. Where enough dives have been logged the figure is calculated from them; otherwise it is an editorial estimate, and says so. We publish habitat and destination, not the dive site.

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