Marine life  /  Surgeonfish & unicornfish  /  Blue tang
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Species entry

Blue tang

Acanthurus coeruleus

Deep blue as an adult and bright yellow as a juvenile. Adults form roving shoals that cross damselfish territories in numbers too great to be driven off.

Size
To 39 cm
Depth
1–30 m
Habitat
Reef and rock
Active
Daylight
Range
Atlantic
Rarity
Florida
1 star of 5, found on most dives
SP-01
blue tang · full body · habitat
4:3 · min 2400px

To about 35 cm, deep blue as an adult with fine darker lines, and bright yellow as a juvenile, which is often taken for another species. The blade at the tail base is white and clearly visible against the blue.

It is a grazer and it moves in roving shoals, sometimes of a hundred or more. The shoal is the point: a single blue tang is driven off a damselfish’s algal patch, and a shoal is not, so the group is a way of getting at food that one fish cannot reach. It also means the fish that has been alone all morning is suddenly in a crowd crossing the reef at speed. The blade is a cutting edge and it is used against other fish. It cuts a hand that holds one, and that is the whole of its hazard.

Where to find:

LocationRarity Best monthsDepthHabitat
Florida United States editorial estimate
1 star of 5, found on most dives
Year-round
1–30 m
Reef and rock
Bahamas Bahamas editorial estimate
1 star of 5, found on most dives
Year-round
1–30 m
Reef
Cayman Islands Cayman Islands editorial estimate
1 star of 5, found on most dives
Year-round
1–30 m
Reef

Ratings are per location: 1 means found on most dives that look for it, 5 means a handful of records. Where enough dives have been logged the figure is calculated from them; otherwise it is an editorial estimate, and says so. We publish habitat and destination, not the dive site.

Related species

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bignose unicornfish
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bluespotted surgeonfish
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