Marine life  /  Sharks & rays  /  Epaulette shark
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Species entry

Epaulette shark

Hemiscyllium ocellatum

A small reef shark with a large dark spot behind the gills that walks on its fins across reef flats, and can survive several hours in water with almost no oxygen.

Size
To 107 cm
Depth
0–15 m
Habitat
Great Barrier Reef flats and rubble, mostly at night
Active
Day and night
Range
Australia and New Guinea
Rarity
Australia
3 stars of 5, a good week should turn one up
SP-01
epaulette shark · full body · habitat
4:3 · min 2400px

To about 1 m, pale brown with dark spots and a single large black spot ringed in white behind each pectoral fin — the epaulette. It is a slender, small-headed shark with the tail nearly as long as the rest of the body.

It walks. The paired fins are used as legs and the animal crosses reef flats and even moves between tide pools out of the water. Two things go with that: it survives water with almost no oxygen for hours by shutting down parts of its brain and reducing its heart rate, and it tolerates being briefly out of it. It is nocturnal, hunting worms, crabs and small fish in the shallowest water on the Great Barrier Reef, and it is normally found by a torch on a shallow night dive.

Where to find:

LocationRarity Best monthsDepthHabitat
Australia Australia editorial estimate
3 stars of 5, a good week should turn one up
Year-round
0–15 m
Great Barrier Reef flats and rubble, mostly at night

Ratings are per location: 1 means found on most dives that look for it, 5 means a handful of records. Where enough dives have been logged the figure is calculated from them; otherwise it is an editorial estimate, and says so. We publish habitat and destination, not the dive site.

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