Marine life  /  Damselfish  /  Sergeant major
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Species entry

Sergeant major

Abudefduf saxatilis

Yellow above with five black bars, in loose shoals over almost any hard bottom. Males turn dark blue while guarding a purple egg patch on rock.

Size
To 23 cm
Depth
0–25 m
Habitat
Any hard bottom, bridges and pilings
Active
Daylight
Range
Atlantic
Rarity
Florida
1 star of 5, found on most dives
SP-01
sergeant major · full body · habitat
4:3 · min 2400px

To about 23 cm. Silvery with a yellow cast over the upper back and five black bars that are narrower than the pale spaces between them. Juveniles are silvery-white with thinner bars and yellow on the upper body and dorsal fin, and live in tide pools, seagrass, mangroves and around floating debris.

The night sergeant is the confusion, and the bar width settles it: wider than the pale spaces there, narrower here. The night sergeant also has a prominent black spot at the upper pectoral base.

Nought to twenty metres, usually the top ten, along reef edges, in feeding aggregations that can run to several hundred fish over shallow reef tops. A nesting male turns dark blue or purple and guards a red-purple patch of eggs for about a week; territories are held only for spawning and brood care, not permanently.

It is unafraid of divers and comes readily to anything being fed, which is how most people meet it.

Where to find:

LocationRarity Best monthsDepthHabitat
Florida United States editorial estimate
1 star of 5, found on most dives
Year-round
0–25 m
Any hard bottom, bridges and pilings
Bahamas Bahamas editorial estimate
1 star of 5, found on most dives
Year-round
0–25 m
Reef and shallow rock
Cayman Islands Cayman Islands editorial estimate
1 star of 5, found on most dives
Year-round
0–25 m
Reef and shallow rock

Ratings are per location: 1 means found on most dives that look for it, 5 means a handful of records. Where enough dives have been logged the figure is calculated from them; otherwise it is an editorial estimate, and says so. We publish habitat and destination, not the dive site.

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