Marine life  /  Surgeonfish & unicornfish  /  Moorish idol
Reviewed 2026-09-06
Species entry

Moorish idol

Zanclus cornutus

Not a butterflyfish, though it is usually mistaken for one; the only member of its family.

Size
To 22 cm
Depth
2–40 m
Habitat
Coral heads, rubble and reef slopes
Active
Daylight
Range
Indo-Pacific
Rarity
Lembeh Strait
1 star of 5, found on most dives
SP-01
moorish idol · full body · habitat
4:3 · min 2400px

To about 22 cm not counting the streamer, with a disc-shaped white body crossed by two broad black bands, a yellow saddle over the snout, a long tubular snout and the third dorsal spine drawn into a white filament that trails well past the tail. It is the only living species in the family Zanclidae and is not closely related to the butterflyfishes it resembles — its nearest relatives are the surgeonfishes. The longfin bannerfish is the usual confusion: it has a forked tail, a shorter snout and no dark band across the tail region.

It feeds mainly on sponges, working over coral and rubble in pairs or small groups, and occasionally gathers in larger aggregations. It swims continuously and rarely tolerates a direct approach, so photographs generally come from waiting on a line it is already taking. Recorded from about 2 to 45 m.

Where to find:

LocationRarity Best monthsDepthHabitat
Lembeh Strait Indonesia editorial estimate
1 star of 5, found on most dives
Year-round
2–40 m
Coral heads, rubble and reef slopes
Bali Indonesia editorial estimate
1 star of 5, found on most dives
Year-round
2–45 m
Reef slopes and walls
Anilao Philippines editorial estimate
1 star of 5, found on most dives
Year-round
2–40 m
Coral reef and slopes
Dauin & Dumaguete Philippines editorial estimate
1 star of 5, found on most dives
Year-round
2–40 m
Reef slopes and rubble
Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea editorial estimate
1 star of 5, found on most dives
Year-round
2–45 m
Coral reef and slopes
Islas Revillagigedo Mexico editorial estimate
1 star of 5, found on most dives
Year-round
3–30 m
Rock and boulder ground

Ratings are per location: 1 means found on most dives that look for it, 5 means a handful of records. Where enough dives have been logged the figure is calculated from them; otherwise it is an editorial estimate, and says so. We publish habitat and destination, not the dive site.

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